Thursday, August 7, 2008

Codeine / 可待因

Many many years ago, around 8~9 years ago. I had a very severer headache and stomach pain and went to see the doctor in Seattle.
It's NOW that I look back and felt I am so glad I didn't finish the treatment... because the doctor gave me Codeine/可待因 as the first round of pain relieve medicine....

I wonder what I would become if I finish the treatment.... a druggie? Or all fixed up and no more pain for the past 8~9 years?

I don't know, but I want to fix my headache now..... I can't sleep every night.....

可待因
口服(最常用)、皮下注射、肌肉注射

'可待因'(Codeine),化學式為C18H21NO3,是一種鴉片類藥物(opioid),有止痛、止咳和止瀉的藥效,它的硫酸鹽或磷酸鹽常用於藥品中。

可待因是一種存在於鴉片中的生物鹼,含量約佔0.7-2.5%。它可從鴉片中提取,也可用化學方法自嗎啡製造。

受管制物質

可待因是麻醉品单一公约下的列表II藥物,在世界各地受到嚴格管制。很多國家和地區容許民眾不需醫生處方而購買若干含可待因的藥品,例如咳藥水,但那些藥品的可待因含量較低,而每次售賣的數量亦通常有限制,甚至賣方需要登記購買者的個人資料。

藥物動力學

可待因進入人體後,約有10%的吸收份量在體內經代謝作用轉化成嗎啡。由於不是所有進入體內的可待因能轉成嗎啡,所以可待因的藥效較嗎啡弱,其成癮性亦較嗎啡少。


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